Differenze tra le versioni di "Stat ()"

Da Gambas-it.org - Wikipedia.
Riga 51: Riga 51:
  
 
Semplice esempio di uso in Gambas:
 
Semplice esempio di uso in Gambas:
 +
Library "libc:6"
 +
 
  Public Struct stat_
 
  Public Struct stat_
 
   st_dev As Long
 
   st_dev As Long
Riga 71: Riga 73:
 
   __glibc_reserved[3] As Long
 
   __glibc_reserved[3] As Long
 
  End Struct
 
  End Struct
 
 
Library "libc:6"
 
 
   
 
   
 
  Private Const _STAT_VER_LINUX as Integer = 1
 
  Private Const _STAT_VER_LINUX as Integer = 1
Riga 118: Riga 117:
 
   Print asctime(localtime(VarPtr(mt)))
 
   Print asctime(localtime(VarPtr(mt)))
 
   Print asctime(localtime(VarPtr(ct)))
 
   Print asctime(localtime(VarPtr(ct)))
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 +
'''End'''
 +
 +
 +
 +
In quest'altro esempio si verificherà se un determinato percorso è un file regolare o una Directory oppure un file-device:
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Library "libc:6"
 +
 +
Public Struct stat_
 +
  st_dev As Long
 +
  st_ino As Long
 +
  st_nlink As Long
 +
  st_mode As Integer
 +
  st_uid As Integer
 +
  st_gid As Integer
 +
  __pad0 As Integer
 +
  st_rdev As Long
 +
  st_size As Long
 +
  st_blksize As Long
 +
  st_blocks As Long
 +
  st_atime As Long
 +
  st_atimensec As Long
 +
  st_mtime As Long
 +
  st_mtimensec As Long
 +
  st_ctime As Long
 +
  st_ctimensec As Long
 +
  __glibc_reserved[3] As Long
 +
End Struct
 +
 +
Private Const _STAT_VER_LINUX as Integer = 1
 +
Private Const S_IFCHR As Integer = 8192
 +
Private Const S_IFDIR As Integer = 16384
 +
Private Const S_IFREG As Integer = 32768
 +
 +
<FONT Color=gray>' ''int __xstat (_STAT_VER, __path, __statbuf)''
 +
' ''Get file attributes for FILE and put them in BUF.''</font>
 +
Private Extern <FONT color=#B22222>__xstat</font>(_STAT_VER As Integer, __path As String, __statbuf As stat_) As Integer
 +
 
 +
 +
'''Public''' Sub Main()
 +
 
 +
  Dim i As Integer
 +
  Dim st As New stat_
 +
  Dim percorso, s As String
 +
 
 +
  percorso = "<FONT Color=gray>''/percorso/da/verificare''</font>"
 +
 
 +
  i = <FONT color=#B22222>__xstat</font>(_STAT_VER_LINUX, percorso, st)
 +
  If i < 0 Then Error.Raise("File o Cartella inesistente !")
 +
 
 +
  If st.st_mode And S_IFCHR Then s = " File Device"
 +
  If st.st_mode And S_IFDIR Then s = "a Directory"
 +
  If st.st_mode And S_IFREG Then s = " File regolare"
 +
 
 +
  Print percorso; " è un"; s
 
    
 
    
 
  '''End'''
 
  '''End'''

Versione delle 12:59, 22 mag 2017

La funzione stat() della libreria di C ritorna alcune informazioni sul file specificato nei suoi parametri.


Per utilizzare la funzione stat() di C, bisognerà richiamare la funzione __xstat(). in quanto, per consentire alla Struttura "struct stat" di variare senza cambiare numero di versione della libreria condivisa .so, il gruppo di funzioni 'stat' sono traslate nelle chiamate alle funzioni 'xstat', 'fxstat', 'lxstat', alle quali è necessario passare come primo argomento il numero-versione che designa la struttura dei dati e i bit utilizzati. Dunque, in fase di linking la chiamata a stat() viene convertita in __xstat().

La definizione e dichiarazione della funzione __xstat() è presente nel file header: sys.stat.h:

int __xstat (int __ver, const char *__filename, struct stat *__stat_buf)

mentre il numero della versione che designa la struttura struct stat dei dati utilizzati è presente nel file header: bits/stat.h:

/* Versions of the `struct stat' data structure.  */
#ifndef __x86_64__
# define _STAT_VER_LINUX_OLD   1
# define _STAT_VER_KERNEL      1
# define _STAT_VER_SVR4        2
# define _STAT_VER_LINUX       3
#else
# define _STAT_VER_KERNEL      0
# define _STAT_VER_LINUX       1
#endif


Volendola utilizzare in Gambas, bisognerà dichiararla con Extern, nonché dichiarare la libreria di C: libc.so.6, nella quale la funzione __xstat() è contenuta. Da sottolineare che bisognerà definire e dichiarare anche la Struttura, avente una dimensione di 144 byte di memoria, che si passerà al terzo paramentro della funzione __xstat().


Dunque avremo la Struttura dichiarata:

Public Struct stat_
  st_dev As Long
  st_ino As Long
  st_nlink As Long
  st_mode As Integer
  st_uid As Integer
  st_gid As Integer
  __pad0 As Integer
  st_rdev As Long
  st_size As Long
  st_blksize As Long
  st_blocks As Long
  st_atime As Long
  st_atimensec As Long
  st_mtime As Long
  st_mtimensec As Long 
  st_ctime As Long
  st_ctimensec As Long
  __glibc_reserved[3] As Long
End Struct

il cui identificatore, affinché non si verifichi un grave errore all'avvio del programma, dovrà necessariamente essere diverso dalla parola stat, poiché coincidente con la Classe "Stat" nativa di Gambas.
Avremo, imoltre, la funzione __xstat() dichiarata:

Private Extern __xstat(_STAT_VER As Integer, __path As String, __statbuf As stat_) As Integer In "libc:6"

I membri .st_mtime, st_mtime, st_ctime della precedente Struttura restituiscono dei valori numerici che rappresentano ciascuno una data ed un orario. Per convertire tali valori numerici in data e orario, dovremo fare uso delle funzioni di C: localtime() e asctime().


Semplice esempio di uso in Gambas:

Library "libc:6"

Public Struct stat_
  st_dev As Long
  st_ino As Long
  st_nlink As Long
  st_mode As Integer
  st_uid As Integer
  st_gid As Integer
  __pad0 As Integer
  st_rdev As Long
  st_size As Long
  st_blksize As Long
  st_blocks As Long
  st_atime As Long
  st_atimensec As Long
  st_mtime As Long
  st_mtimensec As Long 
  st_ctime As Long
  st_ctimensec As Long
  __glibc_reserved[3] As Long
End Struct

Private Const _STAT_VER_LINUX as Integer = 1

' int __xstat (_STAT_VER, __path, __statbuf)
' Get file attributes for FILE and put them in BUF.
Private Extern __xstat(_STAT_VER As Integer, __path As String, __statbuf As stat_) As Integer
 
' tm* localtime( const time_t *time )
' Converts given time since epoch as time_t value into calendar time, expressed in local time.
Private Extern localtime(tm As Pointer) As Pointer

' char* asctime( const tm* time_ptr )
' Converts given calendar time tm to a textual representation.
Private Extern asctime(time_ptr As Pointer) As String


Public Sub Main()
 
 Dim i As Integer
 Dim st As New stat_
 Dim at, mt, ct As Long
 
  i = __xstat(_STAT_VER_LINUX, "/percorso/del/file", st)
  If i < 0 Then Error.Raise("Errore alla funzione '__xstat()' !")
  
  With st
    Print .st_dev
    Print .st_ino
    Print .st_nlink
    Print .st_mode
    Print .st_uid
    Print .st_gid
    Print .st_rdev
    Print .st_size; " byte"
    Print .st_blksize
    Print .st_blocks
    at = .st_atime
    mt = .st_mtime
    ct = .st_ctime
  End With
  
  Print asctime(localtime(VarPtr(at)))
  Print asctime(localtime(VarPtr(mt)))
  Print asctime(localtime(VarPtr(ct)))
  
End


In quest'altro esempio si verificherà se un determinato percorso è un file regolare o una Directory oppure un file-device:

Library "libc:6"

Public Struct stat_
  st_dev As Long
  st_ino As Long
  st_nlink As Long
  st_mode As Integer
  st_uid As Integer
  st_gid As Integer
  __pad0 As Integer
  st_rdev As Long
  st_size As Long
  st_blksize As Long
  st_blocks As Long
  st_atime As Long
  st_atimensec As Long
  st_mtime As Long
  st_mtimensec As Long 
  st_ctime As Long
  st_ctimensec As Long
  __glibc_reserved[3] As Long
End Struct

Private Const _STAT_VER_LINUX as Integer = 1
Private Const S_IFCHR As Integer = 8192
Private Const S_IFDIR As Integer = 16384
Private Const S_IFREG As Integer = 32768

' int __xstat (_STAT_VER, __path, __statbuf)
' Get file attributes for FILE and put them in BUF.
Private Extern __xstat(_STAT_VER As Integer, __path As String, __statbuf As stat_) As Integer
 

Public Sub Main()
 
 Dim i As Integer
 Dim st As New stat_
 Dim percorso, s As String
  
  percorso = "/percorso/da/verificare"
  
  i = __xstat(_STAT_VER_LINUX, percorso, st)
  If i < 0 Then Error.Raise("File o Cartella inesistente !")
 
  If st.st_mode And S_IFCHR Then s = " File Device"
  If st.st_mode And S_IFDIR Then s = "a Directory"
  If st.st_mode And S_IFREG Then s = " File regolare"
  
  Print percorso; " è un"; s
  
End